Understanding Stair Design
Proper stair design is crucial for safety and comfort in buildings.
- Riser Height The vertical distance between steps, typically 4-7 inches.
- Tread Depth The horizontal distance of each step, minimum 10-11 inches.
- Total Rise The overall height the stairs need to climb.
- Total Run The horizontal space needed for the entire staircase.
Design Considerations
Safety Standards
Maximum riser height and minimum tread depth per code.
Consistency
All steps must have uniform dimensions for safety.
Headroom
Minimum 80 inches clearance required above steps.
Landing Requirements
Consider space needed for landings in design.
Code Requirements
- Residential Stairs Maximum 7.75" rise, minimum 10" tread depth.
- Commercial Stairs Maximum 7" rise, minimum 11" tread depth.
- Exterior Stairs Maximum 7" rise, minimum 11" tread depth, weather resistant.
- Handrails Required on at least one side, specific height requirements.