Decal Basics
Understanding decal types and applications.
- Standard Vinyl Basic applications.
- Reflective High visibility.
- Perforated Window graphics.
- Metallic Special effects.
Application Methods
Wet
Repositionable.
Dry
Direct stick.
Transfer
Complex designs.
Heat
Permanent bond.
Surface Preparation
- Cleaning Remove debris.
- Temperature Ideal conditions.
- Moisture Dry surface.
- Testing Adhesion check.
Installation Tips
- Alignment Proper positioning.
- Air Bubbles Smooth application.
- Edge Sealing Long-term durability.
- Maintenance Care instructions.
Decal Material Science
Comprehensive guide to vinyl types, properties, and applications for optimal performance.
- Cast Vinyl Properties Thickness: 2.0-2.2 mil. Dimensional stability: ±0.1%. Outdoor durability: 7-10 years. Conformability: 3D surfaces. Temperature range: -50°C to +110°C.
- Calendered Vinyl Specs Thickness: 3.0-4.0 mil. Shrinkage: 0.5-1.5%. Durability: 3-5 years outdoor. Conformability: 2D surfaces. Temperature tolerance: -40°C to +80°C.
- Reflective Material Retroreflectivity: 100-900 cd/lx/m². Observation angle: 0.2-0.5°. Entrance angle: -4° to +30°. Night visibility: 150m minimum. Weather resistance: 5-7 years.
- Perforated Film Perforation ratio: 50/50 to 70/30. Hole size: 1.5-2.0mm. Visibility range: 20-30ft. Light transmission: 30-50%. UV resistance: 3-5 years.
- Metallic Finishes Metal content: 30-40%. Thickness variation: ±5%. Color stability: ΔE ≤ 3.0. Gloss level: 85-95 GU. Chemical resistance: 24hr exposure rating.
Application Techniques
Wet Application
- Solution ratio: 5:1 water
- Working time: 3-5 min
- Squeegee angle: 45-60°
- Cure time: 24-48 hrs
- Temp range: 16-27°C
Dry Application
- Surface temp: 10-32°C
- Pressure: 30-40 PSI
- Speed: 75-100 cm/min
- Overlap: 3-5mm
- Bond strength: 15N/25mm
Transfer Tape
- Adhesion: 2-4 N/cm
- Release angle: 150-180°
- Application speed: slow
- Tape grade: medium-high
- Removal angle: 45°
Heat Application
- Temp: 150-165°C
- Dwell time: 10-15s
- Pressure: 40-60 PSI
- Cool peel: 20-30s
- Coverage: 98-100%
Surface Engineering
- Surface Preparation Standards Cleanliness: ISO 8502-3 grade 3. Surface energy: >38 dyne/cm. Roughness: Ra 1.5-2.5μm. pH balance: 6.5-7.5. Moisture content: <15%.
- Environmental Controls Temperature range: 18-24°C (±2°C). Relative humidity: 45-55%. Air quality: ISO class 8. Light level: 800-1000 lux. Air flow: 0.3-0.5 m/s.
- Material Compatibility Substrate testing: ASTM D3359. Chemical resistance: 24-hour exposure. UV stability: Q-Sun 1000hrs. Salt spray: ASTM B117 500hrs.
- Quality Verification Adhesion test: cross-hatch 5B. Bubble tolerance: <1 per m². Edge seal integrity: 100%. Color match: ΔE ≤ 1.0. Gloss retention: >80%.
Performance Metrics
- Durability Factors UV resistance: 8000hrs QUV-B. Abrasion resistance: CS-17, 1000g load, 1000 cycles. Chemical resistance: 24hr immersion. Impact resistance: 80 in/lb.
- Environmental Resistance Temperature cycling: -40°C to +90°C. Humidity resistance: 1000hrs at 95% RH. Salt spray: 1000hrs neutral. Water immersion: 72hrs at 23°C.
- Adhesion Properties Initial tack: 400-600 g/inch. Ultimate bond: >4.0 lbs/inch. Shear strength: >24hrs/1kg. Peel adhesion: 180° test >2.0 N/cm.
- Print Compatibility Resolution: 720-1440 dpi. Color gamut: >85% RGB. Dot gain: 15-20%. Ink adhesion: 5B cross-hatch. Light fastness: Blue wool scale 6-8.