DC Motor Torque Calculator

Results

  • Electromagnetic Torque: 0 N⋅m
  • Shaft Torque: 0 N⋅m
  • Stall Torque: 0 N⋅m
  • Back EMF: 0 V
  • Power Output: 0 watts
  • Torque Constant: 0 N⋅m/A

Understanding DC Motor Torque

DC motor performance characteristics vary by winding configuration and magnetic design.

  • Series Wound Motors Starting torque: 450-500% of rated. Speed range: 5:1 typical. Torque-speed curve: inverse squared. Current surge: 600-800% at start. Applications: traction, hoists.
  • Shunt Wound Motors Speed regulation: ±1-5%. No-load to full-load speed drop: 10-15%. Torque variation: linear with current. Starting torque: 150% of rated. Power factor: 0.85-0.95.
  • Compound Motors Speed drop: 15-25% full range. Torque boost: 200-250% at start. Cumulative/differential options. Stability factor: 0.8-0.9. Magnetic saturation: 75-85% rated field.
  • Permanent Magnet Motors Torque constant: 0.01-0.5 N⋅m/A. Speed constant: 50-500 RPM/V. Linearity: ±2%. Demagnetization limit: 150°C. Efficiency range: 65-85%.
  • Torque-Speed Relationships Base speed: ±5% rated. Constant power range: 2:1 to 4:1. Dynamic braking efficiency: 60-80%. Acceleration time constant: 15-50ms typical.

Performance Parameters

Application Factors

  • Duty cycle: S1-S8 IEC
  • Service factor: 1.0-1.4
  • Altitude derating: -1%/100m
  • Ambient range: -15 to 40°C
  • Overload capacity: 150-200%

Speed Control Range

  • Field weakening: 20-150%
  • Armature control: 0-100%
  • Stability: ±0.1% regulated
  • Response time: 5-20ms
  • Ripple factor: 2-5%

Starting Characteristics

  • Inrush limit: 600-800%
  • Acceleration torque: 200%
  • Start duration: 2-5s max
  • Starts per hour: 10-20
  • Thermal capacity: 150%

Environmental Specs

  • IP rating: 23-55
  • Insulation class: F-H
  • Noise level: 60-85 dBA
  • Vibration: 0.7-1.5 mm/s
  • Cooling rate: 2-4°C/min

Technical Specifications

  • Electromagnetic Parameters Air gap flux: 0.5-0.9T. Armature reaction: 10-15% full load. Commutation factor: 1.2-1.4. Brush voltage drop: 1-2V. Core losses: 2-5% rated power.
  • Thermal Characteristics Temperature rise: 60-80K (Class F). Thermal resistance: 0.5-1.5°C/W. Time constant: 20-40 minutes. Hot spot allowance: +10°C. Cooling air flow: 3-5 m³/min per kW.
  • Mechanical Design Bearing life: L10 20,000hrs. Shaft runout: 0.02-0.05mm. Critical speed margin: 20%. Rotor inertia: 0.01-0.05 kg⋅m². Balance grade: G2.5.
  • Electrical Design Armature resistance tolerance: ±10%. Inductance range: 0.5-5mH/Ω. Brush resistance variation: -20% to +30%. Time constant: 5-15ms electrical.

Performance Optimization

  • Efficiency Factors Copper losses: 30-40% of total. Iron losses: 20-30%. Mechanical losses: 5-10%. Stray losses: 1-2%. Peak efficiency point: 75-85% rated load.
  • Power Quality Form factor: 1.02-1.11. Ripple content: 2-5% no-load. Commutation quality factor: >95%. Power factor: 0.85-0.95 full load.
  • Protection Parameters Overcurrent trip: 200-250%. Temperature limits: Class B +80K, F +105K, H +125K. Voltage tolerance: ±10%. Insulation resistance: >10MΩ.