Waste Management Basics
Effective waste management is crucial for sustainable construction and environmental compliance.
- Waste Types & Generation Rates New Construction: 4.2 lbs/ft² average. Concrete/Masonry (50-55%), Wood (20-25%), Drywall (5-15%), Metal (5-10%), Others (10-15%). Demolition generates 155 lbs/ft².
- Recycling Options & Recovery Rates Concrete (90-95% recyclable), Metal (95-98%), Wood (60-80%), Drywall (80-85%), Cardboard (90-95%). Recycling can reduce disposal costs by 20-40%.
- Disposal Methods & Costs Landfill ($50-150/ton), Recycling ($30-80/ton), Hazardous waste ($200-400/ton). Transportation costs: $3-5/mile/ton. Container rental: $300-800/month.
- Environmental Impact Metrics CO₂ reduction: 0.5 tons/ton recycled. Landfill space saved: 1.3 yd³/ton diverted. Water pollution reduction: 15-30% through proper management.
Recycling Benefits
Cost Benefits
- Disposal savings: 20-40%
- Material resale: $5-20/ton
- Tax incentives: 10-30%
- Hauling reduction: 15-25%
LEED Certification
- MR Credit 2: 1-2 points
- 50% recycling: 1 point
- 75% recycling: 2 points
- Documentation required
Environmental Metrics
- Landfill reduction: 50-75%
- Energy savings: 30-45%
- Water conservation: 25-40%
- Habitat protection: significant
Regulatory Compliance
- EPA requirements
- State diversion goals
- Local ordinances
- Project specifications
Best Practices
- Material Sorting Protocols Clean wood (separate bin), Metals (magnetic separation), Concrete (crushable aggregate), Mixed recyclables (30 yd³ containers). Sorting efficiency: 85-95%.
- Storage & Containment Container sizing: 10-40 yd³, Placement spacing: 20-30 ft clearance, Coverage requirements: weatherproof when needed, Hazmat storage: secondary containment.
- Documentation Systems Weight tickets, Recycling reports (monthly), Waste tracking logs (daily), Photo documentation, Chain of custody forms. Digital tracking reduces errors by 60%.
- Worker Training Program Initial orientation (2-4 hours), Monthly toolbox talks (30 min), Signage requirements, Contamination prevention. Proper training reduces sorting errors by 40-60%.
Regulatory Framework
- Local Requirements Minimum diversion rates (50-65%), Container permits ($50-200), Site storage limitations, Noise restrictions (7am-7pm typical).
- State Regulations Annual reporting requirements, Facility licensing, Transportation permits ($300-1000/year), Material bans (e.g., clean wood, metal).
- Federal Guidelines RCRA compliance, OSHA safety standards, EPA reporting thresholds, Clean Air Act requirements for dust control.
- Permit Requirements Waste management plan ($500-1000), Environmental impact assessment, Transportation licenses, Disposal facility agreements.